So normally I like to
keep personal things personal but this happened a week ago and I did not even
realize how quickly I had become a victim of the persuasion methods that I
thought reading my Cialdini book I had so perfectly mastered.
Last week on Friday at 15:45 I was going to Leamington
Spa station when I noticed a talk, dark, young man walking beside me. I noticed
him because we had walked quite a long distance together and were getting on
the same train to Birmingham as became evident. Once we got on the train I did
not see him anymore and to be honest on that train ride it was quite hard to
see anything other than the nose and facial hair of the person standing 2cm infront
of me. It was one of those up close and personal train journeys where due to
being inevitably forced into touching people’s body parts that you normally
wouldn’t you get off the train feeling like you’re best buds.
Once we got off I saw him for the second time and we
began walking in the same direction yet again. And it was not just anywhere we
were both entering Birmingham airport and heading for the Flyebe gates. A
little odd, I thought. But since I was deeply disinterested I got on my plane
and did not utter a word.
Things started to get a little eerie when three days
later as I was coming home from Berlin and waiting for my train back to
Leamington Spa I noticed the very same, Mr.Unknown staring at me on the train
station. As the train arrived, I got off and bumped into him again. I smiled,
laughed and said “ahh what are the odds”, as I now so deeply wished I had not.
He laughed back, and although I was then uncertain whether he laughed at “the
odds” or at my effort to carry bags that were twice my size, he asked me where
I live and I said I lived in North Leam (maybe information you should not
disclose to strangers) and he replied that he is going that direction too and
politely offered to give me a ride.
I was so hungry and exhausted that did not even
realize how easily I had become a victim of the reciprocity rule (Cialdini, 1984). It did not cross my mind then
that by admitting to what seemed like innocent and altruistic offer, I will
feel indebted and have to comply with whatever he asks for later. Furthermore,
research suggests that women who allow men to buy them drinks are judged by
both men and women more sexually available (Greenberg&Shapiro, 1988). Apparently,
women who agree for others to pay for their taxi, too (Popova, 2016).
I got home still high off this kind stranger’s
altruism when 20minutes later I received a facebook request by the same guy. He’d
given me a lift home I thought and the least I could do was accept a friend
request, so I did... not long after he send me the first message telling me he’s
spend the day pondering how this meeting was meant to be and asking me out for
coffee. My naïve belief in people’s innocuous altruism was slowly being crashed
to pieces. I decided it would be too rude not to reply so I sent short message
simply saying that I am not interested but I appreciated his help, nonetheless.
And now I am going to clearly outline the main tactics that he used to
influence me and make me change my mind:
1) Just Ask: The first thing that I give credit
to this guy for is having the guts to just ask me. I might have looked anything
but friendly on that Sunday afternoon and he ventured to ask whether I’d go in
the car with him. But he did not stop there, he went further to ask if I’d go
for coffee.
2) Foot in the door: Reflecting back,
I think that if I had not agreed to a ride he would not have asked for coffee
but since I had, he already had his foot in the door. The foot in the door
technique (Freedman & Fraser, 1966) is a method whereby you start with a
small request “e.g. will you let me help you?” and proceeding with a larger
request, “will you go out with me?”. Starting small going big increases the likelihood
of compliance.
3) Consistency: Consistency as
defined by Cialdini is our “nearly obsessive desire to be and to appear
consistent with what we have already done” after receiving my initial rejection
he clearly did not interpret is as such or he did, but remained consistent.
This worked in his favour as it made him seem like someone who is consistent
and knows what he wants.
4) Similarity: In the words of Cialdini:
“those who wish to be liked in order to increase our compliance can accomplish
that purpose by appearing similar to us in a wide variety of ways.” This guy
was no fool and before I knew he followed me on Instagram he learned about the
books I read and like, the activities that I enjoy. Soon enough rather than
just “hey would you go to coffee with me” his messages became “I would love to
go out and discuss your opinion on meditation and Osho’s book on fear. By the
way, have you read his second one?” Now, I hate to admit that this sparked my
curiosity. Was he really interested in the same things that interested me? Were
we really similar?
5) Scarcity: How could this one possibly play in
a dating scenario?! Well, let me tell you. What I believe had quite an effect
was when he insisted that if I do not go out with him for coffee then I would
be simply missing the chance of my life. The scarcity principle described by
Cialdini states that the idea of potential loss plays a huge role in human
decision making- “people seem to be more motivated by the thought of losing
something than by the thought of gaining something of equal value.”
6) Perceived behavioural control: According
to the theory of planned behaviour self-efficacy “is concerned with judgements
of how well one can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective
situations” (Bandura, 1982). In this particular case it was when he said “I am
only going to take an hour of your life”. Having put it that way, it really
seemed to me that the cost of going out for coffee would not be too high after
all.
He is clearly not my type, but because of his obvious
distant relations with Cialdini and effective use of his techniques, I have
decided- I’ll go out for coffee with the guy.
References:
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human
agency. American Psychologist, 37,
122-147
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision
Processes, 50, 179-211
Cialdini, B. R.
(1984). Influence: The Psychology of
Persuasion. (3rd Ed.) New York: HarperCollinsPublishers.
Freedman, J. L. , & S. C. Fraser. (1966).
Compliance without pressure: The foot-in-the-door-technique. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 4, 195-203.
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